When talking about nouns in Swedish they don't have a word like the English
the or the German
der, die and
das to use when talking specifically about a word. Instead the ending of the word is changed with a suffix. Suffixes are also used to define when a word is in plural.
a girl - en flicka a house - ett hus a car - en bil an apple - ett äpple a stream - en å a man - en man
the girl-flickanthe house-husetthe car-bilenthe apple-äppletthe stream-ånthe man-mannen
girls-flickorhouses-huscars-bilarapples-äpplenstreams-åarmen-män
the girls-flickornathe houses-husenthe cars-bilarnathe apples-äpplenathe streams-åarnathe men-männen
A which also means one translates to ett or en (one) in Swedish.
So instead of
the, suffixes like -en or -et are used, might also be just -n if the letter before it is a certain kind of vowel. -en or -et are easy to use if you know if a word are en or ett, works backwards too
As you can see one word got an extra n, that is because of the words pronunciation.
For plural the suffixes -or, -ar, -er, -r, -n or nothing at all are used. But that isn't always the rule, some words like mice (mus, musen, möss, mössen) doesn't follow that rule. Note that when talking about groups of people, like a troop, man is used instead of män. The troop consisted of 200 men (truppen bestod av 200 man.)
–en, -n, -et, -t, -na, -a, -en are the suffixes I can come to think about.
There are some rules for this and guidelines but nothing that I can remember and I have surely made some mistakes/forgotten something. Also don't forget that some dialects uses different endings for some words (å - åa instead of ån), not to mention words that no-one else understands. Like kuppjärk for spindel (spider). Same goes for pronunciation, it differs, not to mention that it isn't always pronounced as it is spelled. Surely I have missed something but this is the general idea, welcome to Sweden
